FOUR YEAR STANDARD PROGRAMME
100 LEVELCOURSES COMMON TO PHYSICS AND INDUSTRIAL PHYSICS
CORE COURSES
Course No. Course Title Credits Period Semester
PHY109 Practical Physics 2 1 1 & 2
PHY111 Mechanics, Thermal 3 3 1
Physics & props. of matter
PHY113 Vibrations, Waves& Optics 3 3 1
PHY124 Electromagnetism 4 4 2
& Modern Physics
GST 111 Use of English 1 2 2 1
GST 112 Philosophy & Logic 2 2 1
GST 121 Peace Studies / 2 2 2
Conflict Resolution
GST 122 Nigerian Peoples& Culture 2 2 2
GST 123 History & Philosophy 2 2 2
of Science
22
MANDATORY COURSES
Course No. Course Title Credits Periods/WK Semester
MTH110 Algebra &
Trigonometry 3 3 1
MTH112 Calculus 3 3 1
MTH123 Vectors, Geometry
& Statistics 3 3 2
MTH125 Differential Equation
& Dynamics 3 3 2
CHM111 Gen. Chemistry I 3 3 1
CHM122 Gen. Chemistry II 3 3 2
CHM113 Organic Chemistry I 3 3 1
CHM124 Organic Chemistry II 3 3 2
24
ELECTIVES
Course No. Course Title Credits Periods/WK Semester
AEB111 Introduction to
Zoology I 2 2 1
AEB123 Functional Zoology 2 2 2
100 LEVEL COURSES FOR APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
| Course No. | Course Title | Credits | Periods/WK | Semester |
| *PHY109 | Practical physics | 2 | 1 | 1&2 |
| *PHY111 | Mechanics, Thermal Physics & Props. of Matter | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| *PHY113 | Vibrations, Waves and Optics | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| *PHY124 | Electromagnetism and Modern Physics | 4 | 4 | 2 |
| *GST111 | Use of English I | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| *GST112 | Philosophy and Logic | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| *GST121 | Peace Studies/Conflict Resolution | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| *GST122 | Nigeria Peoples and Culture | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| *GST123 | History & Philosophy of Science | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| +GLY110 | Introductory Geology I | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| +GLY120 | Introductory Geology II | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| +CSC110 | Introduction to Computing | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| #CHM113 | Organic Chemistry I | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| #CHM124 | Organic Chemistry II | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| +CSC111 | Programming Essentials | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| +MTH125 | Differential Equations and Dynamics | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| 42 |
Note: * Core Courses
+ Mandatory Courses
# Electives Courses
200 LEVEL PHYSICS PROGRAMME
CORE COURSES
Course No. Course Title Credits Period Semester
PHY209 Practical Physics 2 1 1 & 2
PHY211 Mechanics 2 2 1
PHY212 Thermal Physics 2 2 1
PHY215 Atomic & Nuclear Physics 2 2 1
PHY223 Waves & Optics 2 2 2
PHY224 Electromagnetism &
Electronics 3 3 2
13
MANDATORY COURSES
Course No. Course Title Credits Period Semester
MTH218 Mathematical
Method I 3 3 1
MTH213 Vector Analysis 3 3 1
MTH219 Statistics 3 3 1
CSC212 Symbolic Programming
in FORTRAN 3 3 1
CHM213 Physical Chemistry I 3 3 1
CHM223 Physical Chemistry II 3 3 2
18
ELECTIVES
Course No. Course Title Credits Period Semester
MTH212 Real Analysis I 3 3 1
MTH222 Real Analysis II 3 3 2
MTH227 Numerical Analysis 3 3 2
CSC213 COBOL Programming 4 4 2
AEB201 Environmental Ecology 3 1 2
CHM211 Organic Chemistry 4 4 1
CHM221 Inorganic Chemistry 4 4 2
CHM205 Practical Chemistry I 2 4 1 & 2
26
200 LEVEL
INDUSTRIAL PHYSICS PROGRAMME
CORE COURSES
Course No. Course Title Credits Period Semester
PHY209 Practical Physics II 2 1 1 & 2
PHY211 Mechanics 2 2 1
PHY212 Thermal Physics 2 2 1
PHY215 Atomic & Nuclear Physics 2 2 1
PHY223 Waves & Optics 2 2 2
PHY224 Electromagnetism &
Electronics 3 3 2
PHY229 Mathematical Physics 1 2 2 2
PHY322 Thermodynamics 2 2 2
PHY 325 Atomic and Nuclear Physics 2 2 2
PHY 326 Electronics 2 2 2
21
MANDATORY COURSES
MTH218 Mathematical Method I 3 3 1
MTH213 Vector Analysis 3 3 1
MTH219 Statistics 3 3 1
CSC212 Fortran Programming 3 3 1
CHM213 Physical Chemistry I 3 3 1
CHM223 Physical Chemistry II 3 3 2
18
ELECTIVES
MTH212 Real Analysis I 3 3 1
MTH222 Real Analysis II 3 3 2
MTH227 Numerical Analysis 3 3 2
CSC213 COBOL Programming 4 4 2
AEB201 Environmental
Ecology 3 1 2
AEB 211 General Geology 2 1 1
CHM211 Organic Chemistry 4 4 1
CHM221 Inorganic Chemistry 4 4 2
CHM205 Practical Chemistry I 2 4 1 & 2
28
200 LEVEL APPLIED GEOPHYSICS PROGRAMME
| Course No. | Course Title | Credits | Periods/WK | Semester |
| *PHY209 | Practical Physics | 2 | 2 | 1&2 |
| *PHY211 | Mechanics | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| *PHY212 | Thermal Physics | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| *PHY213 | Introduction to Space Science | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| *PHY215 | Atomic and Nuclear Physics | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| +PHY216 | Geomathematics | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| *PHY223 | Waves and Optics | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| *PHY224 | Electromagnetism and Electronics | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| *PHY225 | Introduction to Geophysical Field Work | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| #MTH218 | Mathematical Methods | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| #CSC224 | Introduction to C and C++ Programme | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| +GLY200 | Introduction to Field Geology | 2 | 2 | 1&2 |
| +GLY201 | Introduction to Structural Geology Map Interpretation | 4 | 2 | 1&2 |
| *GLY210 | General Geology | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| +PHY221 | Introduction to Atmospheric Physics | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| #CSC220 | Introduction to Data Processing | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| +GLY221 | Introduction to Petrology | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| +GLY222 | Introduction to Stratigraphy | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| *PHY214 | Introduction to Earth Physics | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| 47 |
Note: * Core Courses
+ Mandatory Courses
# Electives Courses
300 LEVEL
PHYSICS PROGRAMME
CORE COURSE
Course No. Course Title Credits Period Semester
PHY309 Practical Physics III 4 2 1 & 2
PHY311 Quantum Mechanics 2 2 1
PHY314 Electromagnetic Theory 2 2 1
PHY315 Metallurgy &Materials Science2 2 1
PHY316 Biophysics 2 2 1
PHY317 Geophysics 2 2 1
PHY318 SolidState Physics 2 2 1
PHY322 Thermodynamics 2 2 2
PHY323 Waves & Optics 2 2 2
PHY325 Atomic & Nuclear Physics 2 2 2
PHY326 Electronics 2 2 2
PHY329 Mathematical Physics II 3 3 2
27
MANDATORY COURSES:
Course No. Course Title Credits Period Semester
MTH336 Vector Field Theory 3 3 1
MTH328 Mathematical Methods 3 3 2
CED300 Centre for EntrepreneushipDev. 2 2 1
8
ELECTIVES
Course No. Course Title Credits Period Semester
MTH317 Numerical Linear Algebra 3 3 1
MTH319 Probability Distribution 3 3 1
6
300 LEVEL
INDUSTRIAL PHYSICS PROGRAMME
CORE COURSE
Course No. Course Title Credits Period Semester
PHY309 Practical PhysicsIII 2 2 1
PHY311 Quantum Mechanics 2 2 1
PHY314 Electromagnetic Theory 2 2 1
PHY315 Metallurgy &Materials Sci. 2 2 1
PHY316 Biophysics 2 2 1
PHY317 Geophysics 2 2 1
PHY318 SolidState Physics 2 2 1
PHY 399 Industrial Training 3 – 2
17
MANDATORY COURSES:
Course No. Course Title Credits Period Semester
PHY323 Waves and Optics 2 2 1
MTH336 Vector Field Theory 3 3 1
CED300 Centre for EntrepreneushipDev. 2 2 1
7
ELECTIVES
Course No. Course Title Credits Period Semester
MTH328 Mathematical Methods 3 3 1
3
300 LEVEL
APPLIED GEOPHYSICS PROGRAMME
| Course No. | Course Title | Credits | Periods/WK | Semester |
| *PHY309 | Practical Physics | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| +GLY311 | Sedimentology | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| *PHY314 | Electromagnetic Theory (2) | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| +GLY301 | Map Interpretation | 4 | 4 | 1 |
| +GLY321 | Stratigraphy | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| +GLY312 | Structural Geology | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| *GLY324 | Introduction to Engineering Geology and Hydrology | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| #PHY300 | Environmental Law for Geophysics | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| *PHY313 | Geophysical Field Methods and Instrumentation Analysis | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| *PHY310 | Magnetic Prospecting Methods | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| *PHY319 | Seismic Refraction Prospecting Methods | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| *PHY312 | Gravity Prospecting Methods | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| +GLY300 | Field Geology (1 Field Trip) | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| +GLY302 | Geological Photo interpretation | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| *PHY399 | Students are expected to go on Industrial Training at the Beginning of Second Semester | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| 38 |
Note: * Core Courses
+ Mandatory Courses
# Electives Courses
400 LEVEL
PHYSICS PROGRAMME
CORE COURSES
Course No. Course Title Credits Period Semester
PHY411 Metallurgy &Materials Science 3 3 1
PHY412 Statistical Physics 2 2 1
PHY414 Electromagnetic Theory 2 2 1
PHY415 Nuclear Physics 2 2 1
PHY416 Electronics 2 2 1
PHY417 Biophysics 3 3 1
PHY418 SolidState Physics 2 2 1
PHY421 Quantum Theory 2 2 2
PHY423 Modern Optics 2 2 2
PHY425 Exploration Geophysics 3 3 2
PHY499 Research Project 5 3 1 & 2
28
MANDATORY COURSES
Course No. Course Title Credits Period Semester
PHY422 Energy Sources &
Environmental Pollution 3 3 2
PHY426 Industrial Electronics
& Quality Control 3 3 2
MTH418 Mathematical Methods IV 4 4 1
10
ELECTIVES
Course No. Course Title Credits Period Semester
PHY427 Spectroscopy 2 2 2
PHY428 Acoustics &Noise 2 2 2
PHY429 Special Topics 3 3 2
7
400 LEVEL
INDUSTRIAL PHYSICS PROGRAMME
CORE COURSES
Course No. Course Title Credits Periods/WK Semester
Course No. Course Title Credits Period Semester
PHY411 Metallurgy &Materials Science 3 3 1
PHY412 Statistical Physics 2 2 1
PHY414 Electromagnetic Theory 2 2 1
PHY415 Nuclear Physics 2 2 1
PHY416 Electronics 2 2 1
PHY417 Biophysics 3 3 1
PHY418 SolidState Physics 2 2 1
PHY421 Quantum Theory 2 2 2
PHY425 Exploration Geophysics 3 3 2
PHY499 Research Project 5 3 1 & 2
26
MANDATORY COURSES
Course No. Course Title Credits Period Semester
PHY422 Energy Sources &
Environmental Pollution 3 3 2
PHY423 Modern Optics 2 2 2
PHY426 Industrial Electronics
& Quality Control 3 3 2
PRE521 Production Management 3 3 2
11
ELECTIVES
Course No. Course Title Credits Period Semester
PHY427 Spectroscopy 2 2 2
PHY428 Acoustics & Noise 2 2 2
CHM422 Polymer Physics 3 3 2
7
400 LEVEL
APPLIED GEOPHYSICS PROGRAMME
| Course No. | Course Title | Credits | Periods/WK | Semester |
| *PHY410 | Electrical & EM Methods | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| *PHY442 | Engineering Geophysics | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| *PHY441 | Radiometrics and Well Logging Methods | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| *PHY422 | Energy Sources and Environmental Pollution | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| *PHY424 | Seismic Reflection and Prospecting Methods | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| *PHY430 | Groundwater Geophysics | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| #PHY419 | Geophysical Time Series Analysis | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| #PHY413 | Borehole Geophysics | 3 | 3 | 1 |
| *PHY499 | Student’s Project | 5 | 1&2 | |
| +GLY423 | Petroleum Geology | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| #PHY431 | Environmental Geophysics | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| *PHY443 | Geophysical Data Processing | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| #PHY444 | Petroleum Microbiology for Geophysics | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| 40 |
Note: * Core Courses
+ Mandatory Courses
# Electives Courses
THREE YEAR STANDARD PROGRAMME
The same as the programme for the second, third and fourth years of the four Year Standard Programme.
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
PHY 109-PRACTICAL PHYSICS I (2 CREDITS)
Students are expected to carry out a minimum of 12 major experiments covering the main aspects of the courses taken in the year. Pre-requisite: WASC, GEC O-Level, WAEC SSCE or NECO SSCE.
PHY 111 – MECHANICS, THERMAL PHYSICS & PROPS OF MATTER (3 CREDITS)
(a) Mechanics:
Scalars and vectors: Addition and resolution of vectors. Rectilinear motion and Newton’s law of motion. Inertial mass and gravitational mass; free fall; projectile motion; deflecting forces and circular motion. Newton’s law of gravitation; satellites, escape velocity. Gravitational potential well; special case of circular motion. Momentum and the conservation of a momentum. Work, power energy; units, potential energy for a gravitational field and elastic bodies, kinetic energy conservation of energy; energy stored in a rotating body. Kinetic energy in elastic and inelastic collisions.
(b) Thermal Physics And Properties of Matters
Temperature, heat, work, heat capacities; second law, carnot cycle; thermodynamic ideal gas temperature scale. Thermal conductivity; radiation; black body and energy spectrum, Stefan’s law.
Kinetic model of a gas: Equation of state, concept of diffusion mean free path, molecular speeds, Avogadro’s number, behavior of real gases.
A model for a solid; inter-particle forces in solids, liquids and gases; physical properties of solids. Crystalline structure. Close packing orderly arrangements, elastic deformation of an ordered structure; interference patterns and crystals.
Model for matter; surface energy and surface tension, plastic deformation; thermal and electrical properties of metals.
Pre-requisite: WASC, GCE O-Level, WASC SSCE, or NECO SSCE
PHY 113 – VIBRATIONS, WAVES AND OPTICS (3 CREDITS)
Periodicmotion
Periodic motion of an oscillator: Velocity and acceleration of a sinusoidal oscillation, equation of motion of a simple harmonic oscillator: damped Oscillations; forced oscillations, resonance; propagation of longitudinal and transverse vibrations.
Wave behaviour; Reflection of waves, stationary waves, propagation of straight and circular pulses; Fiber optics. diffraction, refraction, dispersion, interference, coherence, polarization.
Wave and light; Mirrors, lenses, formation of images, lenses in contact microscope, telescope; Chromatic and spherical aberrations and their reduction.
Dispersion by prisms; relation between colour and wavelength; spectra.
PHY 124 – ELECTROMAGNETISM AND MODERN PHYSICS (4 CREDITS)
(a) Electromagnetism (3 credit)
Electric field: Strength, flux and the inverse square law; electrostatic force between two charge particles; flux model for the electric field. Energy stored in an electric field, electrical potential due to dipole.
Steady direct current: Simple circuits; potential difference, resistance, power electromotive force, Kirchhoffs laws; potential divider, Slide-wire potentiometer, bridge circuits, combing resistances.
Capacitors; capacitance, combination of dielectrics, energy store charging/discharging. Electromagnetic effects: Electromagnetic forces, electric motors, moving coil galvanometer, ammeter, voltmeter, electromagnetic induction, dynamo.
Alternating currents: Simple A.C. circuit, transformers, motors and alternating currents.
Magnetic field: The field at the centre of a current-carrying flat coil, of a current carrying solenoid, outside a long solenoid; flux model and magnetic fields.
Electromagnetic Induction: Induction in a magnetic field: magnitude and direction of induced e.m.f., energy stored in a magnetic field; self-inductance.
Electricity and matter; Current flow in an electrolyte, Millikan experiment; conduction of electricity at low pressure, cathode rays, photoelectricity.
(b) Modern Physics (1 Credit)
Structure of atom: Atomic theory, X-rays, Planck’s quantum theory; wave particle nature of matter, scattering experiment of Geiger and Matshen, Rutherford atom model, Bohr’s atom model. Structure of nucleus; composition of nucleus, artificial transmutation of an element, natural transmutation of an element, discovery of neutron particle, emission, isotopes and particles emission, gamma radiation.
Pre-requsite: WASC, GCE O/Level WASC SSCE, NECO SSCE
PHY 209 – PRATICAL PHYSICS II (2 CREDITS)
Students are expected to carry out a minimum of 12 major experiments covering main aspects of the courses taken in the year.
Pre-requisites: GCE A-Level or PHY 109
PHY 211-MECHANICS (2 CREDITS)
Elements of Newtonian mechanics, particle motion including projectiles momentum and energy theorems, time and space dependent forces, oscillators electron under central force, motion of system of particles, rigid body motion. Lagrange’s equation with some applications, viscosity, streamline flow, potsenille’s equation and application venturimeter.
Pre-requisite: GCE-Level or PHY 111
PHY 212 – THERMAL PHYSICS (2 CREDITS)
Heat, work, temperature, first law of thermodynamics, latent, change of state, kinetic theory of gases, perfect and imperfect gases, van der waal’s and viral equations. Joule-Thomson process. Thermal expansion, specific heats of solids and liquids.
Pre-requisite: GCE A-level or PHY 111
PHY 213: INTRODUCTION TO SPACE PHYSICS (2 Units)
Introduction to Astronomy and Astrophysics, Satellite Communication, introduction to atmospheric Science, Space Environment, Space craft systems and Dynamics, Aero/Astrodynamic Engineering, Rocket Engineering, Cosmology, Origin of universe and life, Space Law and Business development.
PHY 214: INTRODUCTION TO EARTH PHYSICS (2 Units)
The Earth’s History. The Earth’s interior. Seismicity and earthquake zones.The nature of the gravity field of the earth.The measurement of gravity and the figure of the earth.The Earth’s magnetic field.Rock magnetism, Polar wandering and the continental drift.Heat flow and geothermometry.
Pre-requisite: GCE A-Level, or GLY 110 and GLY 120
PHY 215 – ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (2 CREDIT)
Electronic structure of atoms, atomic models, quantum oscillator, energy quantization. Bohr’s atom model, energy level diagrams, Bohr’s correspondence principle, the motion of the nucleus, the reduced mass, nuclear size, binding energy of nuclei, Natural and article radioactivity, transformations, radioactive series, nuclear isomers-particle disintegration energy range, particle decay B-ray spectra.
Pre-requisite: GCE A – Level or PHY 124
PHY 216: GEOMATHEMATICS (3 Units)
Differential and integral calculus.Types of functions.Vector analysis, magnetic and Gravity potential theory representation.Matrix algebra, solution of Laplace equations and spherical hannonic analysis.Fourier analysis.Statistical regression analysis, curve fitting techniques and analysis of errors.Bessel equation and Lagendre polynomials.Solution of Matrix equations.
Pre-requisite: GCE A-Level, or MTH 112 and MTH 123
PHY 221 INTRODUCTION TO ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS (2 CREDITS)
Detailed treatment of atmospheric variables (pressure, temperature, etc0; their variation in time and space.Moisture variable – mixing ratio, specific humidity etc.
Pressure systems, Pressure gradient and Coriolis force. Atmospheric motion: geostrophic, gradient and thermal wind. Lapse rates – environment, dry and wet adiabatic lapse rates; the effect of latent heat release.Types and characteristics of atmospheric stability.
Relationship between lapse rates, stability and clouds. Types of clouds and their classification, types of precipitation associated with clouds. Scales of motion in atmosphere.Air masses and source regions.Air masses affecting tropical and temperate regions.ITD and ITCZ.The polar front and fronted slopes.Life cycles of frontal depressions.Frontal cross-sections.Introduction to divergence and vorticity.
Atmospheric optics with applications to rainbow, halo and other optical phenomena, transparency of atmosphere and visual range.
The universe: Galaxies, stars and the sun. the solar system; Gravitation; the planets; the moons, comets and meteors. The sun; solar atmosphere; activity regions; sunspots, solar flares, solar wind, solar radiation and the Earth’s atmosphere.
PHY 223- WAVES AND OPTICS (2 CREDITS)
General wave equation, transverse wave in strings, longitudinal waves in rods and columns acoustic plane waves, superposition of waves, reflection and refraction of waves at boundaries, standing waves, waves in a dispersive medium, coherent wave optical path difference, interference of light waves. Young’s double slit, fresnelbiprism and other apparatus depending on division of wave front. Thin film, parallel and wedge shaped films. Fizeau and Haidinger fringes.
Pre-requisite: GCE A – Level or PHY 113
PHY 224-ELECTROMAGNETISM AND ELECTRONICS (3 CREDITS)
(a) Electromagnetism (2 credit)
Electrostatics, steady currents and their measurements, magnetic effect currents. Electrostatic induction, moving coil galvanometer including ballistic use. Alternating current, transformers, Eddy currents and hysteresis Circuit theory transients.
(b) Electronics (1 credit)
Vacuum tubes, diode, triode, tetrode and pentode, application of valve semiconductors, junction diodes, transistor applications.
Pre-requisite: GEC A –Level or PHY 124
PHY 225 INTRODUCTION TO GEOPHYSICAL FIELD WORK (2 CREDITS)
Introduction to the various geophysical techniques in field observations and the recording of geophysical data in the field. The duration of the field exercise is one week; each student is expected to submit a written report at the end of the course.
Pre-requisite: GCE O-Level, or GLY 110 and GLY 120
PHY 299 students are expected to go on industrial training for six months at the end of the first semester examination.
PHY 300 – ENVIRONMENTAL LAW FOR GEOPHYSICS (3 Credits)
This course examines the concept of the environment and attempts analysis of the legal, political, social and economic dimensions of environmental control legislation. The relationship of property rights to the question of the environment and the problem of urban and rural environment. The course also examines the sewage and waste disposal population and zoning laws, the development and the problem of citizens initiated environmental litigation and the application of the law of torts to the environment. It case studies in environmental law in. some selected areas viz: Oil pollution, quality management, automobile and noise pollution, industrial wastes and effluent, floods, erosion and agricultural run-offs
PHY 309 – PRATICAL PHYSICS III (4 CREDITS)
Students are expected to carry out a minimum of 12 major experiments covering the main aspects of the courses taken in the year.
Pre-requisite: PHY 209
PHY 310: MAGNETIC PROSPECTING METHODS (3 Units)
Introduction: Potentials: Fundamentals of magnetic dipole interactions with applications to simple mass distributions, Gauss Theorem. The filed equation.Instrumentation and field procedures.Reduction of magnetic data.Anomaly separation and interpretation.Air-borne and sea-borne magnetic surveys.Data acquisition and Interpretation.Applications of magnetic methods in mineral exploration and geologic mapping.
Pre-requisite: PHY 214
PHY 311 – QUANTUM MECHANICS (2 CREDITS)
The inadequacy of classical physics, basic postulates of quantum theory, elements of wave mechanics, the uncertainty principle, Schrodinger’s equation and exact solution for some simple physical systems including harmonic oscillator and hydrogen atom.
Pre-requisite: PHY 211, PHY 215
PHY 312: GRAVITY PROSPECTING METHOD (3 Units)
Introduction: Potential; Theory of attraction and potential with applications to simple mass distributions. Theorems of Green and. Gauss. The field equations, Green’s formulae and Equivalent surface layers, Instruments and Date acquisition, Gravity, data reduction, regional, residual anomaly separation. Interpretation of gravity anomalies, death and total mass estimates applications of gravity method in mineral exploration, groundwater and geologic mapping.
Pre-requisite: PHY 225 or GLY 200
PHY 313: GEOPHYSICAL FIELD METHODS AND INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS (2 Units).
Study of the essential elements of geophysical data acquisition systems. Seismic surveys using explosive or surface sources. Signal amplification, multiplexed, etc. methods in Electrical prospecting. Elements of currents and voltage measurement circuitries. Field surveys using gravimeters in Electromagnetic prospecting. Field procedures for the different EM methods.Geophysical Logging Instruments and methods.Instrument circuitry in Induced Polarization Prospecting Methods.
Pre-requisite: PHY 214 or PHY 224
PHY 314 – ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY (2 CREDITS)
Review of vector analysis, poisson and laplace equation, electrical images, current and magnetic field interactions, magnetic properties, transients, alternating current analysis, time varying electromagnetic machinery.
pre-requisite:PHY 224
PHY 315-METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE (2 CREDITS)
Atomic bonding and crystal structure: Bounding in solids, crystal structures, lattices, planes and direction. Imperfections in solids: point, line and planar defects, amorphous materials. Practical determination of structure: X-ray diffraction techniques, preferred orientation in polycrystalline, metals, X rays tomography, application to polymers, other techniques of investigations, field-ion microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, observation of dislocations by etching and decoration. Alloys and phase diagrams: Rule of alloy formation, interpretation of phase diagrams, brief introduction to quantitative metallography, mechanical properties: Mechanical testing, elastic/plastic behaviour, fracture, strengthening mechanisms, Creep/fatigue of metals and polymers. Electrical properties of solids. Dielectric/Piezoelectric properties of materials magnetic/optical properties of materials. Technological polymers.
PHY 316-Biophysics (2 CREDITS)
Biomechanics: Elastic and electrical properties of bone and its component tissues: Bone fracture, friction and lubrication. Diffusion transport across membranes. Biophysical techniques: X-ray diffraction, microscopy, spectroscopy, electron spin resonance and nuclear magnetic resonance.
Ultrasonic: production and physical effects, pulsed and continuous wave ultrasound. Biological and industrial applications. Power measurements.
PHY 317 – GEOPHYSICS (2 CREDITS)
The earth’s internal structure. Fundamentals of Seismic, gravity, magnetic, electrical, radioactive and geothermal methods of exploration. Instrumentation.
PHY 318-SOLID STATE PHYSICS (2CREDITS)
Interatomic forces and classification of solids; ionic, covalent and metallic bonding, Vander waal’s forces: diffraction from a lattice vibrations, phonons, Brillouin zones, vibrational modes of a monoatomic lattice, free election model of a solid, electron distribution in a band, Fermi energy, application of free electron theory to explain paramagnetic properties of metals.
Pre-requisite: 215
PHY 319: SESMIC REFRATION PROSPECTING METHODS (3 Units)
Geophysics and Mineral Exploration activity. Seismic exploration: Wave types: direct, refracted and reflected wave paths. Curved ray theory and applications. Refraction for the N-layer horizontal case.Numerical solution for a refraction profile over a single dipping interface.Field techniques, processing and interpretation of modern seismic refraction sections, static correction charts.
Pre-requisite: PHY 214
PHY 322- THERMODYNAMIC (2 CREDITS)
Statistical equilibrium, free energy, enthalpy, entropy, second law of thermodynamics, reversible and irreversible process. Maxwell relations, Gibbs Dunhan equation, phase equilibria, phase rule, Clapeyron and Clausius Clapeyron equation, solution theory; Boltzman distribution transport process, random walk. Introduction to third law of thermodynamics, production and measurement of low temperatures, piezo electric effect, simultaneous electric and heat current, thermoelectric, refrigeration, thermodynamics of magnetic system.
Pre-requisite: PHY 212
PHY 323- WAVES AND OPTICS (2 CREDITS)
Michelson interferometer, applications; Fabry-Perot and etalon interferometer. Study of hyperfine structure, resolution, Taylor’s criterion; distinction between Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction. Fresnel diffraction; half-period zones, zone plate, imaging properties, Fraunhofer intensity distribution pattern application to telescope and microscope.
Pre-requisite:223
PHY 325 – ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS (2 CREDITS)
Sommerfield’s relativistic atom, space quantization, Larmour theorem, Bohr magneton, fine structure of H line, the vector atom model. L-S and J.J. couplings, Pauli’s exclusion principle, selection rules, Laude’s factor, applications of vector atom model. Normal and anomalous zeemann effect, Paschen-Back effect, stark effect, experimental verification; X-ray spectra, Moseley law, X-ray energy levels, selection and intensity rules.
The constituents of nucleus, magnetic and electric properties, angular momentum of nucleus, discovery of neutron, proton-neutron hypothesis; isotopes, mass spectrographs.
Pre-requisite: PHY 215
PHY 326- ELECTRONICS (2 CREDITS)
Review of vacuum tubes diode and transistor circuits including amplifiers, oscillator’s etc. pulse and wave generation and shaping. Basic semiconductor processes unipolar transistor and properties as an amplifier; amplification of step voltages and pulse. The junction transistor, some important circuits: e.g. follower circuits, emitter follower cascade amplifier, negative and positive feed backs, delay lines, power supplies.
Pre-requisite: PHY 224
PHY 329 – MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS (3 CREDITS)
Classical mechanics of a system of particles; total energy of a system, the principle of virtual displacement, D’Alembert’s principle, Lagrangian equation, Hamilton’s principle of least action, the Euler differential equation, canonical transformations. Hamilton-Jacobi Differential equation (cyclic variables). Bessel differential equation, Bessel functions, recurrence relations with applications to physical problems. The special theory of relativity, Lorentz transformation equation, relativity of time and simultaneity, conclusion of the special theory. The general theory of relativity: principle of equivanlence, Minkowski’s four dimensional space-time continuum gravitational bending of light, shift of spectral lines, criticism of the theory. Pre-requisite: PHY 211
PHY 399 students are expected to go on industrial training at the end of the first semester examination for six months.
PHY410 – ELECTRICAL &EM METHODS (2 CREDITS)
An introduction to the fundamentals, instrumentation, field procedure, computations, interpretation and application of electrical exploration methods. Laboratory work will scale and mathematical models coupled with fieldwork in areas of known geology. Classification of electromagnetic methods. Amplitude and phase anomalies, compensator method. Turam method. Moving sources and receiver methods. Magneto telluric methods. Applications of electromagnetic methods in mineral and groundwater exploration. Pre-requisites: PHY314, GLY321.
PHY 411 – METALLURGY AND MATRERIALS SCIENCE (3 CREDITS)
Mechanical properties of materials: Plasticity, work hardening, fracture, creep, fatigue, texture and X-ray.
Heat treatment of materials: Recovery, recrystallisation, grain growth and annealing twins. Oxidation and corrosion.
Production, treatment and engineering application of steels
Pre-requisite:PHY 315
PHY 412 – STATISTICAL PHYSICS (2 CREDITS)
Laws of equipartition of energy, partitions function, classical and quantum statistics with application to black body radiation, gas degeneration, electron, theory of metals, etc. Kinetic theory of radiation, Wein’s displacement law, Einstein and Deby’s theory of specific heats of solids, radiation pressure.
Pre-requisite: PHY 311, PHY 322.
PHY 413: BOREHOLE GEOPHYSICS (3 Units)
Concepts of the logging techniques.Electrical logging methods. Resistively, self- potential, induced Polarization, B, Dipmeter, etc. Porosity logs-sonics, gamma ray, density, neutron logs, etc…Others-susceptibility, caliper, thermal, gravimetry logs.Instruments, data acquisition and interpretation of logs, application of geophysical logs in oil and ground water exploration.
Pre-requisite: GLY 324 or PHY 319 or PHY 313
PHY 414 – ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY (2 CREDITS)
Application of Maxwell’s equation, plane wave propagation, reflection of plane waves at a plane boundary between two non-conducting media. Complex refractive index, skin effect, filters transmission lines, wave-guide, cavity resonators and radiating systems.
Pre-requisite: PHY 314
PHY 415- NUCLEAR PHYSICS (2 CREDITS)
Nuclear forces, liquid drop model, shell model, compound nucleus, energy levels, theory of α and decay, classification of fundamental particles, nuclear reactions, particle wave analysis, compound nucleus, neutrons and their properties, fission, Bohr-Wheller theory, nuclear reactors, accelerators.
Pre-requisite: PHY 325
PHY 416 – ELECTRONICS (2 CREDITS)
Equivalent circuits of semiconductors, diodes and transistor. Large and small signal operations. Wave-form shaping by diodes and pass networks. Wave form generation by transistors. Class A.B. and C amplifiers, serials feedback amplifiers and control systems. Integrated circuits, wave guides and serials. Design of wave filters, frequency and amplitude modulation. Modulators and demodulators, Wave propagation. Introduction to communication theory and its practical significance. Digital communication systems and channel capacity.
Pre-requisite: PHY 326
PHY 417 – BIOPHYSICS (3 CREDITS)
Molecular Biophysics: Physical behaviour of macromolecules in dilute solution. Methods of characterizing macromolecular behaviour e.g. diffusion, sedimentation, light scattering, spectroscopy (visible IR and UV), X-ray diffraction and scattering. Electrical dispersion studies of water soluble proteins, synthetic polymers and emulsions, and also of food and agricultural materials.
Radiation Biophysics: Ionizing radiation: As applied in radio therapy, radio diagnosis, nuclear medicine and radiobiology, Radiation protection, radiation damage and dosimetry, Non-ionizing radiation: Ultrasonic, infra-red, radio requency and micro-wave radiations. Applications of ionizing and non-ionizing radiations in industry and in environmental studies. Medical Physics/Bio-engineering of constrained flow (Hermodynamics), physics of cardiovascular system. Linear ad digital electronics as applied in medicine biology clinical physics. Pre-requisite: PHY 316
PHY 418 – SOLIDSTATE PHYSICS (2 CREDITS)
Band theory of solids. Electron motion in a periodic structure, insulators and semi-conductors, holes and electrons. Effective mass of an electron, hall effect in metals and semi-conductors, electrical conductivity in metals, defect in solids, dielectric and optical properties of solids, electronic polarization, optical, absorption magnetic properties of materials, paramagnetism, diamagnetism and ferromagnetism. Superconductivity, superconducting magnets, magnetic resonance.
Pre-requisite: PHY 318
PHY 419: GEOPHYSICAL TIME SERIES ANALYSIS (3 Units)
Review of Fourier transform, convolution auto correction, impulse response; 2- transom, sampling theory, filter design, particular attention to geophysical application for each topic. Extensive use of the computer.
Pre-requisite: PHY 216
PHY 421 – QUANTUM THEORY (2 CREDITS)
Review of schrodinger wave equation, application to hydrogen and helium atoms. Dirac’s relativistic wave mechanics; perturbation theory, scattering, Auger effect.
Pre-requisite: PHY 311
PHY 422 – ENERGY SOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (3 CREDITS)
Coal, oil and tar as sources of energy, Solar energy: sun, spectrum, Solar energy devices. Hydrogen energy system, nuclear energy, biomass conversion, geothermal energy, wave and tidal energy, hydropower, Environmental pollution related to above energy sources.
PHY 423 – MODERN OPTICS (2 CREDITS)
Vectorial nature of light, complex quantities, attenuation, group velocity and propagation of electromagnetic waves in a medium and boundary conditions. Matrices applied to geometrical optics Fourier and convolution theorems used in transforming objects, Fourier transform.
Spectroscopy, Review of interference and diffraction theories, image formation, phase contrast holography, laser and maser applications, introductions, introduction to fibre optics.
Pre-requisite: PHY 323, PHY 314
PHY 424: SEISMIC REFLECTION PROSPECTING METHODS (3 Units)
The place of Geophysics in Oil Exploration, propagation of seismic waves.
Analytical treatment of elementary seismic reflection problems.Field techniques. Processing and interpretation of modern seismic reflection sections, NMO charts.
Pre-requisite: PHY 319 or PHY 313
PHY 425 – EXPLORATON GEOPHYSICS (3 CREDIT)
Methods of Applied Geophysics. The earth’s internal structure. Seismic waves propagation. Elements of seismic refraction and reflection records. Gravity prospecting, gravity field measurements, reduction and interpretation, Isostasy, magnetism of the earth. Paleomagnetism. Magnetic field measures, reduction and interpretation. Electrical and electromagnetic methods. Radioactive surveys. Geochronology, Geothermal methods, well-logging principles and applications.
Pre-requisite: PHY 317
PHY 426 – INDUSTRIAL ELECRONICS AND QUALITY CONTROL (3 CREDITS)
Digital system, logic and circuits: Number systems Bolean algebra and truth table. Positive and negative logic diode and transistor logic circuits. Delay elements using transistors. Logic gates and their implementation. The OR, AND, NAN, NOR-gates, counters, up and down counters series and parallel logic control system in industry. Logic and switching circuits computers: digital, analogue and hybrid. The operational amplifiers, Digital stronge systems.
Principles of control systems: Open loop, closed loop and automatic control systems. Block diagrams. Positive back control system. Servomechanism. Analysis of steady state voltage control system analysis of steady state speed control system.
System reliability and quality control: Need of standards and specifications. Performance verification under specified environments. Pre-production and production testing Quality check: Definition, reliability and cost, designing for reliability, equipment failure, failure rates, periods of failure, probability of failure, causes of failure, reliability and availability of equipment. Instruments and electronic test equipment.
Pre-requisite: PHY 326
PHY 427 – SPECTROSCOPY (2 CREDITS)
Rotational, vibrational electronic spectra of diatomic molecule: Raman spectra, Experimental techniques.
PHY 428 – ACOUSTICS AND NOISE (2 CREDITS)
Fundamental acoustics and wave phenomena, electro acoustics and measurement systems, building acoustics, ultrasonic and industrial applications, noise and its sources: noise pollution and control.
PHY 429 – SPECIAL TOPICS (3 CREDITS)
Lower atmospheric Physics (1 Credit)
Laws of radiation, Solar and terrestrial radiation, surface and atmospheric energy balances, cloud physics, precipitation formation, atmospheric optical and electrical phenomena.
Space Physics (1 Credit)
A survey of structure and dynamics of the atmosphere of planets, including ionospheres and magnetospheres, as influenced by the sun’s radiation and solar wind. Topics include: aurora and airglow, photochemistry and atmospheric electricity.
Plasma Physics (1 Credit)
Fundamental treatment of plasmas as embodied in fluid equations, magneto-hydrodynamics, and simple kinetic theory. Special topics include: Plasma waves and instabilities, diffusion, guiding centre motion and drifts, currents in plasma and particle collisions.
PHY 430: GROUNDWATER GEOPHYSICS (3 Units)
Applications of geophysical methods in groundwater exploration.Aquifer determination in basement complex and sedimentary areas.Mapping of geological structure useful to groundwater investigation.Determination of aquifer characteristics.Relevant geophysical techniques and field procedures.Borehole location strategy.Case histories.
Pre-requisite: GLY 324 or PHY 313
PHY 431 ENVIRONMENTAL GEOPHYSICS (2 Credits)
Applications of geophysical techniques in environmental pollution studies, saline water intrusion and mapping, determination of groundwater quality, chemical pollution at industrial sites and delinecotion of chemical plumes, oil spillage, pollution and its mapping.
Pre-requisite: Final year study.
PHY 441: RADIOMETRICS AND WELL LOGGING METHODS (3 Units)
Fundamental principle of radioactivity, nuclear, radioactive decay processes, radioactivity of rocks and minerals. Instrumentation, and data interpretation. Case histories.Concepts of the logging techniques.Electrical logging methods. Resistivity, self-potential, induced Polarization, E, Dipmeter, etc. Porosity logs sonics, gamma ray, density, neutron logs, etc… Others-susceptibility, caliper, thermal, gravimetry logs.Instruments, data acquisition and interpretation of logs, application of geophysical logs in oil and ground water exploration.
Pre-requisite: GLY 313 or PHY 214
PHY 442: ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICS (3 Units)
Shallow geophysical techniques for evaluation of engineering parameters; elastic co efficient, geologic structured, groundwater, seismic hazards and regulatory criteria.
Pre-requisite: GLY 324 or PHY 313
PHY 443 GEOPHYSICAL DATA PROCESSING (3 Credits)
Digitization of geophysical data. Spectral analysis, Waveform processing: Convolution, Deconvolution, Correlation. Digital filtering: Frequency filters, Inverse (deconvolution) filters. Imaging and modelling,
Pre-requisite: CSC 220 or PHY 313
PHY 444 PETROLEUM MICROBIOLOGY FOR GEOPHYSICS (3 Credits)
What is petroleum microbiology? Genesis of fossil fuel/crude oil/petroleum hydrocarbon. Microbes in oil prospecting. History of petroleum exploration in Nigeria. History of oil spillages in Nigeria and other parts of the world. Causes of oil spillages.Acid mine drainage. Biodegradation of oil pollutant. Pathway for the oxidation of alkanes.Microbial oxidation of alicyclic hydrocarbon. Microbial oxidation of aromatic ring structure hydrocarbon.
PHY 499 RESEARCH PROJECT (5 CREDITS)
Students independently carry out research projects in the specialist areas of Industrial Physics under the supervision of the academic staff. Each student is expected to give a seminar on the project at the middle of the second semester and to submit a report on the research project towards the end of the second semester.
In addition, the industrial Physics students will be attached to an industry at the end of which they will be required to submit a satisfactory report on the industrial attachment to be certified by both the supervisor at the industry and the department supervisor.
To graduate in industrial Physics, students must satisfy the requirement of industrial attachment
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